Homogenisation & Upscaling
ParaGeoInv is an optimisation tool developed for performing inverse analysis and homogenisation and upscaling analysis. Upscaling methods are often used to save computational cost through reducing the number of freedoms while matching history data within acceptable misfit range. Due to the gradient-free nature of the nearest neighbour algorithm, ParaGeoInv is applicable in a variety of nonlinear problems that are common in complex geological modelling challenges.
Example upscaling applications shown here include extracting equivalent fracture permeability from fine-scale discrete fracture model under single-phase hydromechanical condition, and homogenising stratigraphy layers that are heterogenous in nature.
Nearest neighbour algorithm represented with evolving Voronoi cells
Homogenisation of single-phase flow properties in model with pre-existing fractures
Homogenisation of properties across stratigraphic layers
Due to the nature of depositional environment, reservoir material is inherently heterogeneous. While fine grid size can be used to run simulation for such material, we are most likely confronted with impractical computational cost. Upscaling method is thus employed not only to honour reservoir heterogeneity, but also to predict behaviour of such material in areas where no data is available.
GeoInv is also capable of recovering material properties in simulation, subject to measured experiment parameters. This application is demonstrated through a case study on pulse decay inverse problem that aims to invert permeability and Klinkenberg B factor.